Abstract: This study addresses ethical dilemmas in vocational education research in Nigeria, examining ethical considerations, challenges, and best practices in conducting research involving human subjects, sensitive topics, and educational interventions within vocational education settings. Ethical standards in research ensure participant protection, data integrity, and research transparency, crucial for maintaining trust, integrity, and ethical conduct in educational research practices. The research aims to (1) identify ethical dilemmas and challenges encountered in vocational education research, (2) assess existing ethical guidelines and protocols governing research conduct and participant rights, and (3) propose recommendations for promoting ethical awareness, adherence to ethical standards, and ethical decision-making among vocational researchers and educators. A survey research design is justified to gather insights from vocational researchers, ethics committee members, and educational administrators familiar with ethical dilemmas and research practices. A sample size of 300 participants will be selected through purposive sampling to represent vocational researchers, ethics committee members, and educational policymakers in Cross River State. Case studies will examine ethical dilemmas in vocational research projects and their outcomes in upholding ethical standards, participant protections, and research integrity. Findings indicated ethical challenges such as consent issues, confidentiality breaches, and conflict of interest concerns, identified effective practices such as ethical training, institutional review processes, and stakeholder engagement, and highlighted the role of ethical guidelines, mentorship, and ethical reflection in promoting ethical conduct and research credibility in vocational education. Recommendations include strengthening ethical training programs, enhancing research oversight mechanisms, and fostering a culture of ethical awareness and responsibility to ensure ethical integrity and uphold participant rights in vocational education research.
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